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f 'w "1@ Pimienta@ im Z. R. PARRING-TQN. :ROTARY STEAM mmiim (N0 Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Z.. PARRINGTDN. ROTARY STEAMENGINE,

@0.397,701?` Patented Peb.2,1889.

(No Model.) `4: Sheets--Sheet 4.

Z. R. FARRINGTON. ROTEEY STEAM ENGINE.

170.397,707, Patented Eeb.. 12, 1889.

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ZFNAS R. FARRNGTON, F PORTLAND, MANE.

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SPECIFICATQN forming part of Letters Fatent No. 397,707, dated February 12, 1889.

Application led August 13,1888. Serial No. 282,603. (No model.)

i .To all whom t may concern:

` Beit known that I, ZENAs R. FARRINGTON,

of Portland, in the county of Cumberland and State of Maine, a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rotary Steam-Engines, of which the fol-w lowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature( l The invention relates to a rotary steam-engine having Various novel features of construction and organization, all of which will be hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a vertical central section of the engine. Fig. 2 is a View in elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a View in elevation of the interior of the case to show the Jform and arrangement of the ports. Fig. is an elevation of the casing with the piston and abutment in position. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the casing and drum. F-ig. 6 is a section of the piston upon the dotted line of Fig. 5. 7 is also a vertical section of the casing, piston, and drum. Fig. 8 is a section of the piston upon the dotted line of Fig. '7. Fig. 9 is a View in elevation enlarged, and Fig. 10 in vertical cross-section enlarged, of the piston to illustrate the steam- -ports and automatic cut-off hereinafter specified. Fig. ll is a View enlarged to illustrate the manner of packing the piston projection.

Fig. l2 is a View in end elevation illustrating the method of supporting the drum. Fig. 13 illustrates slight modifications in the construction of case of theengine, to which reference will be made. Fig. 14 illustrates an enlarged View to show the inlet and exhaust ports more clearly.

i A is the casing of the engine, and it forms the two chambers. a a', the iirst vof which l forms the piston-chamber and the second of which holds a recessed abutment. The chambers are in the main cylindrical.

B is the piston. It is mounted upon the shaft b, and it is cylindrical in form and is centrally mounted in the piston-chamber a, and has extending from its surface a proj ection, b', in which is a packing-holding recess, b2, holding the packing b3, the projection extending sufficiently to hold the packingfin contact with the surface t ofthe `pistonchamber.

The abutment C is mounted upon the shaft c in its chamber a', and has the recess c' formed to extend from its edge. The abutment is otherwise cylindrical in shape. The recess c is of a size to receive the projection Z) on the piston as it comes opposite the recess, and the piston and-abutment are geared together by gears d on the piston-shaft and the gears d on the drum-shaft. (See Fig. l.) The abutment is of a size to closely fit the chamber a', and packings c2 are set in recesses in the casing of this chamber to bear against the surface of the abutment. The shaft of the drum preferably is mounted' upon the bearingblocks E, which are vertically movable in guideways e upon each end of the case, and there are adj usting-screws e' arranged to bear against the slide-blocks E, whereby the blocks are caused to be moved and held in any desired position, thereby moving and holding the shaft c and the abutment C into required relation to the piston B. The exhaust from the pistonchamber a is through the exhaust-port F in the piston projection b', (see Fig. 7,) the port extending or opening into'the cavity f in the piston, which extends through the piston and communicates by means of openings f in each end of the piston with the escape 'exhaust-passages f2 through the ends or heads of the piston-casing, the said passagesf2 being represented in Fig. l as opening into the escape-passagesf3 in the pipes 'lhe pipes are represented as connected with the cylinder-head in the one instance, and an adjust.-

4able plate, N, forming the other head of the chamber is always open or uncontrolled. The i steam is supplied the chamber from the steam-supply passages g g', Whiclrare represented as formed in the casting to extend from Ythe common opening or inlet g2. These IOO kIO

l diately after the piston projection b has,

passages open into the curved passage g3 in the inner surface-of each head of the pistpn-' chamber, and they deliver steam to thepassages g4, extending from each end of the pis ber so long as the ports g4 are in communication or connection with the 'curved supplypassages g3. These supply-passages are'represented as formed to furnish steam immeentered the recess c .ofthe abutment and to supply steam from that` point during as much of the rotation of the piston as may be desired. I prefer thatl` it be ,supplied for something less than half of lthe, rotation, and

that it then be ont off, and that for the re-` mainderof the rotation of the piston the steam vact only -expansively in the pistonchamber, and not directly. #It will thus be seen that, in addition to having a free and continuous exhaust through the piston, .the pist-on also acts as its townvalve' or cut-oft' in regulating the feeding of direct steam to the .piston-chamber. To4 automaticallyk regulate the size of the opening, I have `lmounted. in

each end of the piston, over orli'n the port gft! l a slide-regulating valve, H,`whichis adapted.

to slide or move in radial'ways formed inthe end of the piston and to be moved voutwardly -in opposition to the pressure of lthe springs h. .These slide-valvesare balanced bythe springs, so that ata certain rate of rotation of the pisv ton they are held in their inmost position and the valves are then wide open. An increase in the speed of the piston tends to throwv them outward against the pressure of the spring, the centrifugal force overcoming the tension of the springs sufficiently to-permit the plates to diminish the size of the ports and in that way regulate the supply of steam which is being fed to the piston-chamber and the speed of the pist-on. I prefer that the packing b3 in the piston projection b be adjustable to take up for wear and maintain a tiglitjoint, and this I accomplish by making its under surface, m, wedge-shaped or inclined,`.as represented in Fig. 11, from end to en d, and mounting in the groove in the projection which i holds it a wedge, m', of yless lengthA than the packing, and which is adapted to bedriven longitudinally in t-he recess'from time to time, as it is required to set or drive out the packing. I have also represented in Figi an end plate, N, setinthe pist-on and abutment-chamber, adapted to be' moved or set by screws n against the ends of the piston and abutment for the purpose of making a tight joint between their ends and the surfaces of the casing; and where such an adjusting-plate is employed it of course has a passage for the exhaust, and also has the curved passage g3 connected with the steam-inlctupon its inner surface. lVhere an adjustable cylinder-head is used, as represented in Fig. 1, each steaming into a hole formed in a boss extending from each head, and in Fig. 13, which repre- Sents'the cylinder as having two stationary heads, this boss extends from each head. (See Fig. 12.) Y l The main shaft carries the pulleys or driving-wheels O O. Y

The operation of the engine is as follows: Steam enters the piston-chamber through the steam-supply passages g g3 and the ports g4 of the piston, entering the piston-chamber through the outlet g5, and the pressure, acting upon the piston projection b', rotates the piston and the abutment @,the surface ofy the abutment maintaining a cont-inuous contact with `the surface of the piston, and the directsteamsupply is continuedr until the piston rotates suiiieiently to bring the ports g4 beyond the p'ansivcly for the remainder. of the rotation of the piston, or until the piston -takes steam again, and the exhaust-steam escapesfrom the piston-chamber continuously through the exhaust-passage F in the piston projection 'and the 'openings f f in the piston into 'the passages in the piston-case and connectingpipes.' Thisrotation of the piston causes the abutment to be rotated in unison with it, and

, Theadvantages of the invention arise from the'simplicity of the construction, from the organization of the exhaust and supply ports, and the construction of the piston, whereby itis nade to control its own portin g in a cheap, simple, and efcetive Way.

.Having thus fully described my invention, I

of the United States-y 1. In a rotary steam-engine,vthe combination of the recessed abutment C, the piston B, having the projection b', vexhaust-passage F, steam-inlet g5, and the opening and exhaustpassages f f extending through the piston, and having also the steam-supply passages g4, with the casing A, having the ports f2 f3 and the curved supply-passages g3, substantially as described.

the easing having the chambers a a', the piston B in the chamber a., the abut-ment C in the chamber a', having the recess c", the piston-shaft b, abutment-shaft c, and connectinggearing d d', the projection b from the piston, the steam-exhaust passage upon one side of said projection extending through t-he cylinder toits ends, the steam-supply passage upon the other side of said projection ext-ending through the piston to its ends, andthe uncontrolled exhaust-outlets through the ends of the casing arranged in line with the exhaust-outlets in thev ends of-.the piston, and the curved supply-passages in the casin g ends arranged in line with thc openings in the piston ends in the steam-supply passages, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the rotary piston .curved passages g3, when the steam acts ex-v also -operates the ily-Wheels or driving-pulleys..

2. In a rotary'engine-,thc combination. ot-` claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1o` lm'ving a supply-port, g4, and radial guides for the segmenshaped Valve H, of said Valve H and springs 71., fitted in recesses in the piston and b eallng on said Valve, Substantially ns (leseribed. y j

4. The combination, in n rotary engine, of the casing A, piston-chamber a, piston B, having a proj eetion, b', and the steam-supply pais- Sages g, extending vfrom the ends 0f the pistonjand opening back of Jshe projection b', 1o With the seg1nent-shaped sprngbalaneed Valves Il, fit-ted to radial guides in said pis t0n, Substantially 1S described.

ZENAS R. F./\RRN}TON.

Witnesses: I

J. T. BALL, F. F. RAYMOND, 2d'. 

